技术移民（永久居留）

SKILLED MIGRATION TO AUSTRALIA, 189 AND 190 VISA

Skilled Migration to Australia

Australian Lawyers and Migration Agents - Skilled Migration Advice

Our Australian Immigration Lawyers and Registered Migration Agents are experienced and ethical. We can assist clients in our offices in Melbourne or Brisbane, Australia and in Hong Kong. In addition, our Australian qualified Lawyers can advise clients worldwide, with a fast and efficient Consultation by telephone or skype where they advise you about:

Contact VisaConnect's Australian Immigration Lawyers and Migration Agents in 2021 for advice and assistance with your Skilled Migration visa application!

Skilled Independent - 189 Visa

1. Nominate an occupation - listed on the Skills Occupation List, which is relevant to your education and employment background. Each occupation must have an ANZSCO Code, such as:

2. MLTSSL List - To be eligible for the 189 visa, the selected occupations must be listed on the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).

3. Skills Assessment - Suitable skills assessment in that occupation confirming that their qualifications and recent work experience have been recognised by the Australian authority. Skills assessments authorities assess applicant's educational qualifications and work experience and if their skills are recognised, they determine that the applicant is 'suitable for migration'.

There are a wide range of Skills Assessment Authorities that cover different occupations. For example, Accountants and Auditors would be assessed by either:

4. Expression of Interest (EOI) - apply for an Expression of Interest on the SkillSelect online service, which includes information about your Age, Qualifications, Skills Assessment, Work experience and a points score is calculated. No actual evidence is required, at this stage. The EOI is valid for 2 years.

5. Invitation - If you are invited to apply for skilled migration, you will receive an Invitation from SkillSelect. You will have 60 days to make your visa application.

6. Online Visa Application - Apply online by completing Forms, and providing evidence to support the claims made in your Expression of Interest. Usually, you will upload certified copies of Identity documents (passport, Birth certificates etc.), and any other relevant information.

7. Health examination - Undergo a medical examination, Chest x ray and blood tests with an Australian Panel Doctor, in your city and country.

8. Character requirements - Apply for Police Clearance certificates in every country you and your spouse have lived in for 12 months or more, in the last 10 years.

Points Test - Factors:

Occupation Ceilings for the 2020 - 2021 Program Year
Occupation ID Description Occupation Ceiling Value 2020-21
 1331 Construction Managers  7,145
 1332 Engineering Managers  1,474
 1341 Child Care Centre Managers  1,000
 1342 Health and Welfare Services Managers  1,666
 1399 Other Specialist Managers  4,188
 2111 Actors, Dancers and Other Entertainers  1,000
 2112 Music Professionals  1,000
 2121 Artistic Directors, and Media Producers and Presenters  1,000
 2211 Accountants*  1,000
 2212 Auditors, Company Secretaries and Corporate Treasurers*  1,619
 2241 Actuaries, Mathematicians and Statisticians  1,000
 2243 Economists  1,000
 2245 Land Economists and Valuers  1,000
 2247 Management consultant  4,526
 2321 Architects and Landscape Architects  1,452
 2322 Cartographers and Surveyors  1,000
 2331 Chemical and Materials Engineers  1,000
 2332 Civil Engineering Professionals  3,919
 2333 Electrical Engineers  1,348
 2334 Electronics Engineers*  1,000
 2335 Industrial, Mechanical and Production Engineers*  2,682
 2336 Mining Engineers  1,000
 2339 Other Engineering Professionals*  1,000
 2341 Agricultural and Forestry Scientists  1,000
 2342 Chemists, and Food and Wine Scientists  1,000
 2343 Environmental Scientists  1,295
 2344 Geologists, Geophysicists and Hydrogeologists  1,000
 2345 Life Scientists  1,000
 2346 Medical Laboratory Scientists  1,536
 2347 Veterinarians  1,000
 2349 Other Natural and Physical Science Professionals  1,056
 2411 Early Childhood (Pre-primary School) Teachers  3,321
 2414 Secondary School Teachers  8,716
 2415 Special Education Teachers  1,721
 2421 University Lecturers and Tutors  5,042
 2512 Medical Imaging Professionals  1,161
 2514 Optometrists and Orthoptists  1,000
 2519 Other Health Diagnostic and Promotion Professionals  1,000
 2521 Chiropractors and Osteopaths  1,000
 2524 Occupational Therapists  1,461
 2525 Physiotherapists  1,685
 2526 Podiatrists  1,000
 2527 Speech Professionals and Audiologists  1,000
 2531 General Practitioners and Resident Medical officers  4,257
 2533 Internal Medicine Specialists  1,000
 2534 Psychiatrists  1,000
 2535 Surgeons  1,000
 2539 Other Medical Practitioners  1,168
 2541 Midwives  1,333
 2544 Registered Nurses  17,859
 2611 ICT Business and Systems Analysts*  2,273
 2612 Multimedia Specialists and Web Developers  1,000
 2613 Software and Applications Programmers*  8,405
 2621 Database and Systems Administrators and ICT Security Specialists  2,667
 2631 Computer Network Professionals*  2,245
 2633 Telecommunications Engineering Professionals  1,000
 2711 Barristers  1,000
 2713 Solicitors  4,535
 2723 Psychologists  1,545
 2725 Social Workers  1,862
 3122 Civil Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians  1,000
 3123 Electrical Engineering Draftspersons and Technicians  1,000
 3132 Telecommunications Technical Specialists  1,000
 3211 Automotive Electricians  1,000
 3212 Motor Mechanics  5,205
 3222 Sheetmetal Trades Workers  1,000
 3223 Structural Steel and Welding Trades Workers  4,866
 3232 Metal Fitters and Machinists  6,335
 3233 Precision Metal Trades Workers  1,000
 3241 Panelbeaters  1,000
 3311 Bricklayers and Stonemasons  1,712
 3312 Carpenters and Joiners  6,812
 3322 Painting Trades Workers  3,303
 3331 Glaziers  1,000
 3332 Plasterers  1,452
 3334 Wall and Floor Tilers  1,000
 3341 Plumbers  5,861
 3411 Electricians  8,021
 3421 Airconditioning and Refrigeration Mechanics  1,581
 3422 Electrical Distribution Trades Workers  1,000
 3423 Electronics Trades Workers  2,047
 3513 Chefs  2,256
 3611 Animal Attendants and Trainers  1,239
 3941 Cabinetmakers  1,694
 3991 Boat Builders and Shipwrights  1,000
 4523 Sports Coaches, Instructors and Officials  1,262
 4524 Sportspersons  1,000

*Occupations that are subject to pro rata arrangements. For Accountants (2211) the occupational ceiling also re-selects volumes in other skilled visa categories.

The Priority Migration Skilled Occupations List

As at 22 March 2021, there are 18 Occupations (ANZSCO Code) on the Priority Migration Skilled Occupations List:

Skilled Nominated - 190 Visa

State Nomination - 190 and 491 Skilled Visas

See below the Visa Nomination Program for each State and Territory of Australia for 2021/22:

1. Victoria - The major changes to the 2021-22 program are:

i. The removal of the minimum experience and hours worked requirement.

ii. An increase in the number of target sectors.

iii. Applicants must have STEM skills and have a Skill Level 1 or 2 occupation. Applicants for subclass 491 nomination may also have a Skill Level 3 occupation using their STEMM skills.

2. NSW - Submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) in SkillSelect, selecting either NSW or Any as your desired state. You do not need to contact the NSW Government after you have submitted your EOI. You will only receive correspondence from NSW if you are invited to apply. Due to the large number of candidates in the selection pool, and the limited number of places available to the NSW Government, the selection process is extremely competitive. The vast majority of candidates will not be invited to apply for NSW 190 nomination.

3. Queensland - The Skilled Nominated 190 Visa is a is a point-tested visa for skilled workers and postgraduate alumni who wish to live and work in Queensland permanently. The Queensland postgraduate degree stream offers streamlined conditions for Masters and PhD graduates from a Queensland-based university. The Skilled Work Regional, 491 Visa is a 5-year points-tested visa which leads to permanent residency and requires nominated skilled workers to be employed and live in regional Queensland.

4. Western Australia - In 2021-22, WA has expanded its occupation lists, but the most noticeable change in the program is that applicants who apply for General Stream, do not have to be currently studying, working or living in the state to receive a nomination. All they need is a job offer in the state to be eligible for this stream. The WA state nomination is unique and positive as it is open to applicants throughout Australia rather than limiting it to the state.

5. South Australia - To apply for the 190 or 491 Visa, you must have a nomination from the Government of South Australia and meet all nomination requirements, as well as the Department of Home Affairs eligibility criteria. State nomination is provided to meet the State's skills needs and is granted based on the applicant's genuine interest and intention to live and work in South Australia. In submitting your application you are indicating that you intend to live and work in South Australia with a view to long-term settlement.

6. Tasmania - If you are nominated by the Tasmanian Government for the 491 or 190 visa, you must live in Tasmania for two years after the visa has been granted. You may be eligible to apply for permanent residency through the Subclass 191 Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) visa after you have lived in Tasmania for at least three years and earned a minimum taxable income that meets the minimum threshold determined by the Department of Home Affairs for at least 3 years (currently set at AU$53,900).

7. ACT - Under the ACT Migration Agreement, the ACT is allocated a fixed number of nominations each year. The Australian Government has directed that the nominations provided to states and territories are to focus on applicants critical to supporting the COVID-19 response. This includes individuals providing critical or specialist medical services, those with critical skills required to maintain the supply of essential goods and services, and people who deliver services in sectors critical to Australia's economic recovery.

8. Northern Territory - A condition of NT Government nomination is that you agree to work, live and settle for at least three years in the NT after your visa has been granted. The NT Government will consider your employment prospects in the NT and whether they meet the needs of NT industries when making a decision to offer you a nomination.

State/Territory Nomination - in 2021

See below the Status of appliactions for State/Territory Nomination, as at 1 July 2021:

Initial/First Entry to Australia for Skilled visa holders, in 2021

If an applicant holds a skilled visa and condition 8504 has been imposed, their visa grant letter will advise the date they should first arrive in Australia (initial entry date). Holders of skilled visas should try to enter Australia before their initial entry date.

However, the Department of Home Affairs understands that because of COVID-19 related impacts on travel, some visa holders have been unable to enter Australia by their initial entry date. Therefore, holders of valid skilled visas can still enter Australia after their initial entry date. Visa holders should try to arrive as close to their initial entry date as they can, subject to travel and border conditions.

Skilled Regional Visas - Introduced in November 2019

Two new skilled regional provisional visas were introduced in November 2019:

Holders of the new skilled regional provisional visas will need to live and work in regional Australia. Visas will be granted with a validity period of up to five years.

Holders of the new skilled regional provisional visas will be able to apply for a Permanent Residence visa. The Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) Visa will commence in November 2022.

To be eligible for permanent residence, holders of the new skilled regional provisional visas will need to demonstrate they have lived and worked in regional Australia while holding one of the new Skilled Regional Provisional visa.

Benefits of the New Skilled Regional, Subclass 491 and 494 Visas

Regional Areas - Applicable to 491 and 494 Visas

The following are a list of Cities and major Regional centres that are defined as a 'Regional Area':
Note the following Regional Incentives for Applicants living in Regional Areas:

1. Access to the dedicated 25,000 regional places.

2. Priority processing oin Regional visas.

3. Access to Regional Occupations Lists - which provides more jobs compared to non-regional lists.

4. International students studying at Regional Universities will be eligible to access an additional year in Australia on a Post-Study Work visa.

Subclass 191, Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) Visa

Applicants who have held a 491 or 494 visa, can apply for permanent residence, from 16 November 2022, if they meet the following eligibility criteria:

Skilled Recognition Graduate - 476 Visa

1. This is a temporary visa, but is a route to applying for permanent residence, with a skilled visa.

2. Engineering Graduates - This visa allows recent engineering graduates of eligible universities to gain up to 18 months of skilled work experience in their occupation.

3. Age - Must be younger than 31 years of age.

4. Engineering Qualification - Completed one of the following eligible engineering qualifications, in the past 2 years:

5. Major Sequence of Study - The qualification must contain a major sequence of study or specialisation in Engineering, including: Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Structural Engineering, Mechanical Engineering etc.) from a recognised institution.

6. English language Ability - IELTS Score of at least 6.0, but you are exempt from sitting the English test if you are a citizen and holding a passport of the UK, Canada, NZ or the US.

Skilled Migration Intake in 2021 - Possible Reforms

The skilled stream is the largest component of Australia’s permanent migration program accounting for 61% (110,000) of Australia’s 179,000 permanent migrants, before COVID hit in 2019.

Empirical survey data from the Department of Home Affairs’ Continuous Survey of Australia’s Migrants demonstrates that Australia’s permanent migration program is failing to attract highly paid and highly skilled migrants to Australia. The data indicates that recent permanent migrants experienced higher rates of unemployment and are paid less than the general population.

According to an Economist at MacroBusiness, the easiest solution to give integrity to Australia’s skilled visa system is to apply a pay floor equivalent to the 75th percentile of weekly earnings ($90,480 p.a. in 2020) to both temporary and permanent skilled visa holders. This would ensure that Australian businesses can only hire foreign workers to fill highly skilled professions, while also eliminating the need for labour market testing or maintaining bogus Skilled Occupation Lists.

These simple reforms would maximise the economic benefits from skilled migration. Skilled local workers would no longer be undercut. Complexity of the visa system would be reduced. In addition, lifting of the quality bar would reduce the overall level of immigration – both directly via having fewer skilled visa holders arrive and indirectly by making it harder for other temporary migrants, such as International Students to transition to a permanent skilled visa.


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